sp_help [<objname> [, terse]]
<objname>
是 sysobjects 中任何对象或 systypes 中任何用户定义的数据类型或系统数据类型的名称。您不能指定数据库名称。<objname> 可以包括表、视图、预计算结果集、存储过程、日志、规则、缺省值、触发器、参照约束、加密密钥、谓词和检查约束,但在启用了 optimistic_index_lock 的情况下则表示表。如果对象所有者既不是运行该命令的用户也不是数据库所有者,则使用所有者名。
terse
以表格形式显示对象属性的简短列表。只有在对象类型为 table 时有效。
显示 sysobjects 中对象的列表并显示每一对象的名称、所有者和对象类型。还显示 systypes 中由每位用户定义的数据类型的列表,并且指出数据类型名称、存储类型、长度、空值类型、缺省名和规则名称。空值类型是 0(不允许为空值)或 1(允许为空值):
sp_help
显示有关已分区的publishers 表的信息。sp_help 还列出分配给指定表及其索引的任何属性,并且给出该属性的类、名称、整数值、字符值和注释:
sp_help publishers
Name Owner Object_Type Create_date
--------------------- --------------- ----------- -----------------
publishers dbo user table Oct 7 2005 11:14AM
Column_name Type Length Prec Scale Nulls Default_name Rule_name
Access_Rule_name Computed_Column_object Identity
---------- ---- ------ ----- ----- ----- ------------ -----------
---------------- ----------------------- --------
pub_id char 4 NULL NULL 0 NULL pub_idrule
NULL NULL 0
pub_name varchar 40 NULL NULL 1 NULL
NULL NULL 0
city varchar 20 NULL NULL 1 NULL
NULL NULL 0
state char 2 NULL NULL 1 NULL
NULL NULL 0
Object does not have any indexes.
keytype object related_objs object_keys related_keys
------- ------ ------------ ----------- ---------------
primary publishers -- none -- pub_id,*,*,*,*,*,*,* *,*,*,*,*,*,*,*
name type partition_type partitions partition_keys
---------- -------- -------------- ---------- --------------
publishers base table roundrobin 3 NULL
partition_name partition_id pages segment create_date
------------------ -------------- ----- ------- -----------------
publishers_608002166 608002166 1 default Oct 13 2005 11:18AM
publishers_1116527980 1116527980 1 default Oct 13 2005 11:18AM
publishers_1132528037 1132528037 1 default Oct 13 2005 11:19AM
<h2>Partition_Conditions</h2>
NULL
Avg_pages Max_pages Min_pages Ratio(Max/Avg) Ratio(Min/Avg)
--------- --------- --------- -------------- --------------
1 1 1 1.0000000 1.0000000
Lock scheme Allpages
The attribute "exp_row_size" is not applicable to tables with allpages lock scheme.
exp_row reservepagegap fillfactor max_rows_per_page identity_gap
------- -------------- ---------- ----------------- ------------
0 0 0 0 0
concurrency_opt_threshold optimistic_index_lock dealloc_first_txtpg
------------------------- --------------------- -------------------
0 0 0
显示有关已分区的 titles 表的信息:
sp_help titles
Name Owner Object_Type Create_date
--------------------- --------------- ----------- -----------------
titles dbo user table Oct 7 2005 11:14AM
(1 row affected)
Column_name Type Length Prec Scale Nulls Default_name Rule_name Access_Rule_name
Identity
----------- ---- ------ ---- ----- ----- ------------ --------- -----------------
--------
title_id tid 6 NULL NULL 0 NULL title_idrule NULL
0
title varchar 80 NULL NULL 0 NULL NULL NULL
0
type char 12 NULL NULL 0 typedflt NULL NULL
0
pub_id char 4 NULL NULL 1 NULL NULL NULL
0
price money 8 NULL NULL 1 NULL NULL NULL
0
advance money 8 NULL NULL 1 NULL NULL NULL
0
total_sales int 4 NULL NULL 1 NULL NULL NULL
0
notes varchar 200 NULL NULL 1 NULL NULL NULL
0
pubdate datetime 8 NULL NULL 0 datedflt NULL NULL
0
contract bit 1 NULL NULL 0 NULL NULL NULL
0
index_name index_description index_keys
Object has the following indexes
index_name index_keys index_description index_max_rows_per_page
index_fillfactor index_reservepagegap index_created index_local
---------- ---------- ----------------- ------------------------
---------------- --------------------- ------------ ----------
title_idx total_sales clustered 0
0 0 Oct 13 2005 5:20PM Local Index
index_ptn_name index_ptn_seg
-------------------- ---------------
p1 default
p2 default
p3 default
title_idx_98505151 default
keytype object related_object object_keys
related_keys
<h2>-------- --------- ----------------------------------------------- </h2>
foreign roysched titles title_id, *, *, *, *, *, *, * title_id, *, *, *, *, *, *, *
foreign salesdetail titles title_id, *, *, *, *, *, *, * title_id, *, *, *, *, *, *
foreign titleauthor titles title_id, *, *, *, *, *, *, * title_id, *, *, *, *, *, *
foreign titles publishers pub_id, *, *, *, *, *, *, *
pub_id, *, *, *, *, *, *, *
primary titles -- none -- title_id, *, *, *, *, *, *, *
*, *, *, *, *, *, *, *
name type partition_type partitions partition_keys
---- ---------- -------------- ---------- --------------
titles base table range 4 pubdate
partition_name partition_id pages segment create_date
-------------- ------------ ----- ------- -------------------
q1 937051343 1 default Oct 13 2005 5:20PM
q2 953051400 1 default Oct 13 2005 5:20PM
q3 969051457 1 default Oct 13 2005 5:20PM
q4 985051514 1 default Oct 13 2005 5:20PM
<h2>Partition_Conditions</h2>
VALUES <= ("3/31/2006")
VALUES <= ("6/30/2006")
VALUES <= ("9/30/2006")
VALUES <= ("12/31/2006")
VALUES <= ("3'31'2006")
Avg_pages Max_pages Min_pages Ratio(Max/Avg) Ratio(Min/Avg)
--------- --------- --------- -------------- --------------
1 1 1 1.000000 1.000000
Lock scheme Allpages
The attribute 'exp_row_size" is not applicable to tables with allpages lock scheme.
exp_row reservepagegap fillfactor max_rows_per_page identity_gap
------- -------------- ---------- ----------------- ------------
0 0 0 0 0
concurrency_opt_threshold optimistic_index_lock dealloc_first_txtpg
------------------------- --------------------- -------------------
0 0 0
显示有关 titles 表信息的简短列表:
sp_help titles, terse
Name Owner Object_type Create_date
------------ ---------- ---------------------- --------------------------------------
titles dbo user table Oct 5 2016 10:49AM
(1 row affected)
Column_description
-------------------- ---------
title_id tid not null
title varchar (80) not null
type char (12) not null --Default typedflt
pub_id char (4) null
price money null
advance money null
total_sales int null
notes varchar (200) null
pubdate datetime not null --Default datedflt
contract bit not null
Index_description
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
unique clustered index titleidind on titles ( title_id ) -- global index
nonclustered index titleind on titles ( title ) -- global index
(2 rows affected)
total_indexes global_indexes local_indexes partial_indexes
------------- -------------- ------------- ---------------
2 2 0 0
keytype object related_object object_keys related_keys
-------------- ---------------------- --------------- ------------------------------ --------------------------------
foreign roysched titles title_id, *, *, *, *, *, *, * title_id, *, *, *, *, *, *, *
foreign salesdetail titles title_id, *, *, *, *, *, *, * title_id, *, *, *, *, *, *, *
foreign titleauthor titles title_id, *, *, *, *, *, *, * title_id, *, *, *, *, *, *, *
foreign titles publishers pub_id, *, *, *, *, *, *, * pub_id, *, *, *, *, *, *, *
primary titles -- none -- title_id, *, *, *, *, *, *, * *, *, *, *, *, *, *, *
Partition_details
-----------------
Partition type : roundrobin
Number of partitions : 1
Partition keys : NULL
Table_property Status/value
-------------------------------------------- ----------------------------
LOB compression level 0
ascinserts 0
cached_index_root_page 0
dealloc_first_txtpg 0
fillfactor 0
identity_gap 0
lock scheme allpages
max_rows_per_page 0
optimistic_index_lock 0
reservepagegap 0
(return status = 0)
1>
显示有关用户“mary”所拥有的触发器 marytrig 的信息。引号不可省略,因为句点是特殊字符:
sp_help "mary.marytrig"
Name Owner Object_type
------------ ------------------ ----------------
marytrig mary trigger
Data_located_on_segment When_created
----------------------- --------------------------
not applicable Mar 20 2002 2:03PM
显示有关系统数据类型 money 的信息:
sp_help money
Type_name Storage_type Length Prec Scale Nulls Defaul_name
--------- ------------ ------- ----- ----- ----- ------------
Rule_name Access_Rule_name Identity
--------- ---------------- --------
money money 8 NULL NULL 1 NULL
NULL NULL 0
显示有关用户定义数据类型 identype 的信息。该报告指示了从其创建数据类型的基本类型、是否允许空值、绑定到该数据类型的任何规则和缺省值的名称以及是否具有 IDENTITY 属性:
sp_help identype
Type_name Storage_type Length Prec Scale Nulls Defaul_name
--------- ------------ ------- ----- ----- ----- ------------
Rule_name Access_Rule_name Identity
--------- ---------------- --------
identype numeric 4 NULL NULL 1 NULL
NULL NULL 1
显示一个新列,指示是否启用优化索引锁定。1 指示该选项已启用;0 指示该选项未启用:
sp_help "mytable"
</h2>
<h2>exp_row_size reserve pagegap fillfactor max_rows_per_page</h2>
1 0 0 0 0
<h2>concurrency_opt_threshold optimistic_index_lock</h2>
0 1
显示一个虚拟计算列:
alter table authors add fullname as au_fname + ' ' + au_lname
sp_help authors
Object has the following computed columns
Column_Name Property
----------- --------
fullname virtual
<h2>Text</h2>
AS au_fname + ' ' + au_lname
将一个虚拟计算列显示为实现计算列:
alter table authors modify fullname materialzied
sp_help authors
Object has the following computed columns
Column_Name Property
----------- ------------
fullname materialized
<h2>Text </h2>
AS au_fname + ' ' + au_lname
MATERIALIZED
sp_help <table_name> 的结果集包含指示列的解密缺省名称的 Decrypt_Default_name 列。例如,可运行以下命令:
create table encr_table(col1 int encrypt decrypt_default 1)
当对 encr_table 运行 sp_help 时,它会显示以下结果:
Column_name Type Length Prec Scale Nulls Default_name Rule_name Access_Rule_name Computed_Column_object Identity Encrypted Decrypt_Default_name
----------- ---- ------ ---- ----- ----- --------------------- -------------- ------------------- --------- -------------------------
c1 int 4 NULL NULL 0 NULL NULL NULL
NULL 0 1 encr_table_col1_1036527695
显示谓词对象的 Name、Owner、Object_type、Object_status 和 Create_date:
grant select on tab1 where col1 = 5 as pred1 to robert
sp_help pred1
Name Owner Object_type Object_status Create_date
----- ------ ------------- -------------- ------------
pred1 dbo predicate -- none -- Feb 9 2010 12:49PM
####示例 13
对于此预计算结果集:
create table numtrips (source int, destination int, count_trip int)
create precomputed result set frequent_trips unique (source, destination)
as
select * from numtrips where count_trip > 100
sp_help numtrips 返回以下内容:
Name Owner Object_type
Object_status
Create_date
<h2>---------------- ---------- ----------------------</h2>
--------------------------------------
numtrips dbo user table
precomputed result set defined
May 11 2012 6:46AM
. . .
sp_help frequent_trips 返回:
Name Owner
Object_type
Object_status
Create_date
----------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------
frequent_trips dbo
precomputed result set
immediate, enabled, enabled for QRW
May 11 2012 6:46AM
. . .
<h4>示例 14</h4>
sp_help 在 Object 状态字段中显示 execute as owner 或 execute as caller,如下所示:
create proc p1 with execute as owner asselect 1gosp_help p1Name Owner Object_type Object_statuse Create_date
---- ----- ----------- -------------- -----------
p1 dbo stored procedureexecute as ownerJun 8 2012 10:05AM
(1 row affected)Column_name Type Length Prec Scale Nulls Not_compressed Default_name
Rule _name Access_Rule_name Computed_Column_object Identity
--------------------------------------------------------------------------(return status = 0) Rule_name
<h4>示例 15</h4>
显示有关 order_number 表的减少的输出,针对内存行存储启用:
sp_help order_number, terse
Name Owner Object_type Create_date
------------ ----- ----------- -------------------
order_number dbo user table Jan 13 2016 11:14AM
(1 row affected)
number int not null
title char (10) not null
Object does not have any indexes.
No defined keys for this object.
name type partition_type partitions partition_keys
------------ ---------- -------------- ---------- --------------
order_number base table roundrobin 1 NULL
partition_name partition_id compression_level pages row_count segment create_date
---------------- ------------ ----------------- ----- --------- ------- -------------------
ord_num_672002394 672002394 none 1 0 default Jan 13 2015 11:14AM
NULL
Avg_pages Max_pages Min_pages Ratio(Max/Avg) Ratio(Min/Avg)
----------- ----------- ----------- --------------------------- ---------------------------
1 1 1 1.000000 1.000000
Table_property Status/value
------------------------- --------------
LOB compression level 0
cached_index_root_page 0
concurrency_opt_threshold 15
data row caching enabled
dealloc_first_txtpg 0
exp_row_size 1
fillfactor 0
identity_gap 0
keep first text page enabled
lock scheme datarows
max_rows_per_page 0
optimistic_index_lock 0
reservepagegap 0
snapshot isolation enabled
<h4>示例 16</h4>
更改表 t1 以禁用 row_caching,然后显示有关 t1 的信息:
sp_help t1
Name Owner Object_type Object_status Create_date
-------- ---------- ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------ --------------------------------------
t1 dbo user table snapshot isolation, data row caching May 25 2017 3:03AM
alter table t1 set row_caching off
go
sp_help t1
go
Name Owner Object_type Object_status Create_date
-------- ---------- ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --------------------------------------
t1 dbo user table snapshot isolation, data row caching temporarily disabled May 25 2017 3:03AM
<h3>用法</h3>
<ul><li>对于虚拟散列表,sp_help 将报告:
使用下面的消息报告表是虚拟散列表:
Object is Virtually Hashed
使用以下语法以消息形式报告表的 hash_key_factors:
例如:
orattribute_class attribute int_value
char_value comments
--------------------- --------------- ------------------------
-------------------------------------- -----------
hash clustered tables hash key factors NULL
id:10.0, id2:1.0, max_hash_key=1000.0 NULL
``</p>
<p></li></ul><ul><li>sp_help 只查找当前数据库中的对象。</p>
<p></li></ul><ul><li>如果从 tempdb 发出 sp_help,则该命令对临时表起作用。</p>
<p></li></ul><ul><li>具有 IDENTITY 属性的列的“Identity”值为 1;其它列的“Identity”值为 0。在示例 2 中,没有 IDENTITY 列。</p>
<p></li></ul><ul><li>sp_help 列出表上的所有索引,包括通过在 create table 或 alter table语句中定义唯一或主键约束创建的索引。该命令还列出与这些索引关联的任何属性。但 sp_help 不提供关于为表定义的完整性约束的任何信息。请使用 sp_helpconstraint 来获得有关任何完整性约束的信息。</p>
<p></li></ul><ul><li>sp_help 显示以下新设置:</p>
<p>a) 锁定方案,可用 create table 设置并可用 alter table 更改</p>
<p>b) 所需行宽,可用 create table 设置并可用 sp_chgattribute 更改</p>
<p>c) 保留页间距,可用 create table 设置并可用 sp_chgattribute 更改</p>
<p>d) 行锁升级设置,可用 sp_setpglockpromote 设置或更改并可用 sp_droprowlockpromote 删除</p>
<p></li></ul><ul><li>sp_help 包括来自以下来源的报告:</p>
<p>a) sp_helpindex – 显示用于创建索引的键的顺序以及空间管理属性</p>
<p>b) sp_helpartition – 显示表的分区信息</p>
<p>c) sp_helpcomputedcolumn – 显示表的计算列信息</p>
<p></li></ul><ul><li>在启用组件集成服务后,sp_help 显示有关远程对象的存储位置的信息。</p>
<p></li></ul><ul><li>sp_help 可以显示加密密钥的有关信息。当密钥名称被指定为 sp_help 的参数时,该命令将列出该密钥的名称、所有者、对象类型及创建日期。</p>
<p></li></ul><ul><li>对于启用了内存行存储的表,sp_help 会对行高速缓存(即使已临时禁用)和快照隔离进行报告。</p>
<p></li></ul><ul><li>sp_help 指示列是否已加密,如果存在列的解密缺省名称,则还包括该名称。</p>
<p></li></ul><ul><li>sp_help 显示谓词特权的相关信息。</p>
<h3>查找对象的规则</h3>
<p>sp_help 遵循用于查找对象的 SAP ASE 规则:</p>
<p>如果您没有指定所有者名,并且拥有具有指定名称的对象,则 sp_help 将报告有关该对象的信息。</p>
<p>如果您没有指定所有者名,并且不拥有具有该名称的对象,但数据库所有者拥有具有该名称的对象,则 sp_help 会报告该数据库所有者的对象的有关信息。</p>
<p>如果您或数据库所有者都不拥有具有指定名称的对象,则 sp_help 会报告错误情况,即使在不同所有者的数据库中存在具有该名称的对象时也是如此。用所有者的名称限定其他数据库用户(既不是您自己也不是数据库所有者)所拥有的对象,如示例 4 中所示。</p>
<p>如果您和数据库所有者都拥有具有指定名称的对象,并且您要访问数据库所有者的对象,则以 格式指定该名称。</p>
<h3>预计算结果集和 sp_help</h3>
<p>sp_help 在 Object_type 列中显示预计算结果集对象的相关信息。</p>
<p>SAP ASE 服务器内部将预计算结果集对象视为用户表。如果使用预计算结果集将 sp_help 作为
此外,Object_Status 列将为预计算结果集返回以下信息:
1 刷新模式 – immediate 或 manual
2 预计算结果集状态 – enabled 或 disabled
3 查询重写状态 – enable for QRW 或 disabled for QRW