SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE EXISTS
(SELECT column_name FROM table_name WHERE condition);
在本教程中,我们将使用 RUNOOB 样本数据库。
下面是选自 "Websites" 表的数据:
+----+--------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+
+----+--------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+
<table>
<tr>
<th>1</th>
<th>Google</th>
<th>https://www.google.cm/</th>
<th>1</th>
<th>USA</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>3</td>
<td>菜鸟教程</td>
<td>http://www.runoob.com/</td>
<td>4689</td>
<td>CN</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td>微博</td>
<td>http://weibo.com/</td>
<td>20</td>
<td>CN</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>5</td>
<td>Facebook</td>
<td>https://www.facebook.com/</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>USA</td>
</tr>
</table>
+----+--------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+
下面是 "access_log" 网站访问记录表的数据:
mysql> SELECT * FROM access_log;
+-----+---------+-------+------------+
+-----+---------+-------+------------+
<table>
<tr>
<th>1</th>
<th>1</th>
<th>45</th>
<th>2016-05-10</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>3</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>230</td>
<td>2016-05-14</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>10</td>
<td>2016-05-14</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>5</td>
<td>5</td>
<td>205</td>
<td>2016-05-14</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>6</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>13</td>
<td>2016-05-15</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>7</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>220</td>
<td>2016-05-15</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>8</td>
<td>5</td>
<td>545</td>
<td>2016-05-16</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>9</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>201</td>
<td>2016-05-17</td>
</tr>
</table>
+-----+---------+-------+------------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)
现在我们想要查找总访问量(count 字段)大于 200 的网站是否存在。
我们使用下面的 SQL 语句:
SELECT Websites.name, Websites.url
FROM Websites
WHERE EXISTS (SELECT count FROM access_log WHERE Websites.id = access_log.site_id AND count > 200);
执行以上 SQL 输出结果如下:

EXISTS 可以与 NOT 一同使用,查找出不符合查询语句的记录:
SELECT Websites.name, Websites.url
FROM Websites
WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT count FROM access_log WHERE Websites.id = access_log.site_id AND count > 200);
执行以上 SQL 输出结果如下:

来源:https://www.runoob.com/sql/sql-exists.html